The incidence of thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) in the Chinese population was much higher than that in the North American\npopulation. In clinical treatment, the prognosis of benign tumors after surgical resection was significantly better than that of\nmalignant tumors. Currently, the commonly used clinical indicators for TET staging included Masaoka staging and WHO (2015)\npathological criteria; however, the distinction between the benign and malignant tumors and diagnosis is yet to be explored. The\ncurrent study demonstrated that the expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells was correlated with the degree of TET malignancy. The\nquantitative analysis of PD-L1 expression in 70 cases of TET tumor samples revealed that the positive rate of PD-L1 expression in\ntypes A, AB, B1, and B2 of thymoma (40 cases) was 37.5% (15/40), which was significantly lower than that in type B3 thymoma\nand thymic carcinoma (76.67%, 30 cases, 23/30) as demonstrated by chi-square test (
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